Below is a COMPLETE & PRACTICAL LIST of ELECTRICAL MATERIALS used in RESIDENTIAL BUILDINGS, with simple uses explained.
This list is suitable for houses, apartments, villas, site execution, BOQ preparation, and exams.
1. Power Supply & Distribution Materials ::----
Material Uses :-
A. Energy Meter - (Single / Three Phase) Measures electricity consumption
B. Main Switch (DP / TPN) - Main power ON/OFF control
C. Distribution Board (DB) - Distributes power to circuits
D. MCB Box - Houses circuit breakers
E. Changeover Switch - Switch between mains & inverter
F. Inverter Panel - Backup power distribution.
2. Protection Devices (Safety) ::----
Material Uses :-
A. MCB (Miniature Circuit Breaker) - Protects against overload & short circuit
B. RCCB / ELCB - Prevents electric shock
C. RCBO Combined - MCB + RCCB protection
D. Surge Protection Device (SPD) - Protects from voltage surges
E. Isolator Manual - circuit isolation.
3. Wires & Cables ::----
Material Uses :-
A. Copper Wires - Internal house wiring
B. FR / FRLS Wires - Fire-resistant wiring
C. Flexible Wires - Appliances & fixtures
D. Armoured Cable - Meter to DB connection
E. Coaxial Cable - TV connection Telephone / LAN Cable Internet & phone.
4. Conduits & Wiring Accessories ::----
Material Uses :-
A. PVC Conduit Pipes - Concealed wiring
B. GI Conduit Pipes - Heavy-duty protection
C. Bends & Couplers - Direction change & jointing
D. Junction Boxes - Wire joint enclosure
E. Modular Boxes - Switch & socket mounting
F. Inspection Boxes - Wire access for maintenance.
5. Switches, Sockets & Controls ::---
Material Uses :-
A. Modular Switches - Control lights & fans
B. Socket Outlets (6A / 16A) - Power supply to appliances
C. Fan Regulator - Control fan speed
D. Bell Push Switch - Doorbell operation
E. Dimmer Switch - Light intensity control
F. USB Sockets - Mobile charging.
6. Lighting Materials ::----
Material Uses :-
A. LED Bulbs - General lighting
B. LED Panel Lights - Living rooms, bedrooms
C. LED Downlights - False ceiling lighting
D. Tube Lights - Kitchens & utility areas
E. Wall Lights - Decorative lighting
F. Outdoor Lights - Garden, balcony, parking.
7. Fans & Ventilation ::----
Material Uses :-
A. Ceiling Fans - Air circulation
B. Exhaust Fans - Remove heat & odors
C. Ventilation Fans - Improve indoor air quality.
8. Earthing & Grounding Materials ::---
Material Uses :-
A. Earth Electrode (Copper / GI) - Ground fault protection
B. Earthing Strip / Wire - Carry fault current
C. Earth Pit Chamber - Earthing inspection
D. Green Earth Wire - Equipment grounding.
9. Backup Power & Solar (Optional) ::---
Material Uses :-
A. Inverter / UPS - Power backup
B. Battery - Energy storage
C. Solar Panels - Generate solar power
D. Solar Inverter - Convert DC to AC
E. Changeover Switch - Power source selection.
10. Low-Voltage & Smart Home Systems ::---
Material Uses :-
1. CCTV Camera - Home security
2. Video Door Phone - Visitor identification
3. Wi-Fi Router - Internet connectivity
4. Smart Switches - App-based control
5. Motion Sensors - Automatic lighting.
11. Installation, Testing & Accessories ::----
Material Uses :-
1. Cable Clips - Fix wires
2. Cable Ties - Bundle cables
3. Lugs & Ferrules - Cable termination
4. Insulation Tape - Wire insulation
5. Screws & Rawl - Plugs Mounting
6. Tester / Multimeter - Electrical testing.
✅ RESIDENTIAL ELECTRICAL SUMMARY :::----
Residential electrical systems focus on: ✔ Safety & protection :-
✔ Comfort & convenience
✔ Energy efficiency
✔ Simple maintenance
✔ Optional smart & solar integration.
