QURBANI KE TALLUQ SE KUCHH SAWAL KE JAWAB
*❀Qarz le kar ya jo maqrooz ho us ka Qurbani dena:❀*
Jise Qurbani ki wus’at o taaqat ho wohi Qurbani kare aur jo Qurbani ki taaqat nahi rakhta use rukhsat hai is liye Qurbani ki khatir qarz lene ki zaroorat nahi hai. Jo hamesha se Qurbani dete aa rahe the achanak ghareeb ho jaayen ya qarze mein doob jaayen unhein mayoos nahi hona chaahiye aur qarz ke boojh se Qurbani nahi karni chaahiye balki farakhi aur wus’at ke liye Allah se dua karni chaahiye. Agar koyi mamooli taur par maqrooz ho, qarz chukaane aur Qurbani dene ki taaqat rakhta ho to use Qurbani deni chaahiye, isi tarah achanak Eid ul Azha ke mauqe se kisi ka haath khaali ho jaaye aur kahien se paise ki aamad ki umeed ho aur aise shakhs ko ba-asani qarz mil jaaye to Qurbani deni chaahiye kiunki us ke paas paisa hai magar haath mein maujood nahi hai.
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*❀Haaji ki taraf se Qurbani:❀*
Hajiyon ke upar Eid ul Azha ki Qurbani zaroori nahi hai, un ke liye Hajj ki Qurbani hi kaafi hai lekin Eid ul Azha ki Qurbani dena chaahe to de sakta hai. Ya ek soorat yeh ho sakti hai ke haaji apne peeche ghar waalon ke liye itna paisa chhod jaaye taaki woh log Qurbani de saken.
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*❀Nabi ﷺ ki taraf se Qurbani:❀*
Nabi Kareem ﷺ ki taraf se Qurbani dene ka koyi suboot nahi milta hai, Sahaba e Kiraam Radhiallahu Anhum se ziyadah Nabi ﷺ se koyi mohabbat nahi kar sakta magar un mein se kisi se bhi Nabi ﷺ ke naam se Qurbani karna saabit nahi hai. Jo log Nabi ﷺ ke naam se Qurbani karne ka jawaz pesh karte hain un ka istedlaal un riwayaat se hai jin mein Nabi ﷺ ne apni janib aur ummat ki janib se Qurbani ki hai:
ثُمَّ أَخَذَهَا، وَأَخَذَ الْكَبْشَ، فَأَضْجَعَهُ، ثُمَّ ذَبَحَهُ، ثُمَّ قَالَ: بِاسْمِ اللَّهِ اللَّهُمَّ تَقَبَّلْ مِنْ مُحَمَّدٍ، وَآلِ مُحَمَّدٍ، وَمِنْ أُمَّةِ مُحَمَّدٍ ثُمَّ ضَحَّى بِهِ
*Tarjumah: Phir Aap ﷺ ne churi li, mendhe ko pakda, us ko litaya, phir zabah karte waqt farmaya «بِاسْمِ اللَّهِ اللَّهُمَّ تَقَبَّلْ مِنْ مُحَمَّدٍ، وَآلِ مُحَمَّدٍ، وَمِنْ أُمَّةِ مُحَمَّدٍ» Allah ke naam se, aye Allah! Muhammed (ﷺ) ki taraf se aur Muhammed (ﷺ) ki aal ki taraf se aur Muhammed (ﷺ) ki ummat ki taraf se is ko qubool kar, phir us ki qurbani ki.*
(Sahih Muslim: 1967)
Yeh riwayat Sahih Muslim ki hai, is se yun istedlaal kiya jaata hai ke Ummat e Muhammediya mein zinda murda dono shaamil hain lehaza Nabi ﷺ ki taraf se bhi Qurbani kar sakte hain. Halaanki yeh istedlaal durust nahi hai kiunki yahan Ummat e Muhammediya se murad zinda log hain, is baat ki ta’eed un riwayaat se hoti hai jin mein «عَمَّنْ لَمْ يُضَحِّ مِنْ» ke alfaaz warid hain
(Dekhen: Abu Dawood: 2810)
goya Aap ﷺ ne apni ummat ke un logon ki taraf se Qurbani ki jo Qurbani nahi kar sake the.
Agar Ummat e Muhammediya mein faut ho chuke logon ko bhi shaamil kar liya jaaye tab bhi Nabi ﷺ ki taraf se Qurbani nahi saabit hoti ziyadah se ziyadah yeh kaha jaa sakta hai ke zinda ki taraf se Qurbani karte huwe mayyit ka naam liye baghair aise aam kalimaat istemaal kiye jaa sakte hain.
Nabi ﷺ ki taraf se Qurbani karne ki ek aur riwayat hai jo Hazrat Ali Radhiallahu Anhu se hai:
عَنْ عَلِيٍّ أَنَّهُ كَانَ يُضَحِّي بِكَبْشَيْنِ أَحَدُهُمَا عَنِ النَّبِيِّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ، وَالْآخَرُ عَنْ نَفْسِهِ، فَقِيلَ لَهُ، فَقَالَ : أَمَرَنِي بِهِ - يَعْنِي النَّبِيَّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ - فَلَا أَدَعُهُ أَبَدًا
*Tarjumah: Ali Radhiallahu Anhu se riwayat hai ke woh do mendhe ki Qurbani karte the ek Nabi ﷺ ki taraf se aur doosra apni taraf se, is baare mein un se poocha gaya to unhon ne kaha ke mujhe is ka hukm Nabi ﷺ ne diya hai mein ise chhod nahi sakta.*
(Tirmizi: 1495)
Yeh riwayat saabit nahi hai, is ki sanad mein Shareek bin Abdullah bin Abi Shareek kaseer ul khata hone ki wajah se za’eef hai aur us ka Shaikh Abul Hasana Hasan Kofi Majhool hai.
Isi liye Shaikh Albani Rahimahullah ne is riwayat ko za’eef qarar diya hai, is se bhi daleel nahi pakdi jaa sakti.
Goya Nabi ﷺ ki taraf se Qurbani karna sunnat se saabit nahi, kisi ke liye jaaiz nahi hai ke Nabi ﷺ ke naam se Eid ul Azha par Qurbani kare.
❀Mayyit ki taraf se Qurbani:❀
Mayyit ki taraf se Qurbani karne ke liye wohi suboot pesh kiye jaate hain jo Nabi ﷺ ki taraf se Qurbani karne ke liye pesh kiye jaate hain aur Nabi ﷺ ki taraf se Qurbani dene ka hukm upar maloom ho gaya. Haan koyi apni Qurbani mein mayyit ko shareek kar le to is soorat ko ulama ne jaaiz kaha hai. Is silsile mein mera nuqta e nazar (mauqif aur raaye) yeh hai ke jo log mayyit ki taraf se Qurbani dena chaahte hain woh Qurbani ka paisa mayyit ki taraf se sadqa kar den, yeh aisi soorat hai jis mein kisi ka ikhtilaaf nahi hai aur is ki daleel maujood hai. Mayyit ne agar qurbani karne ki wasiyyat ki ho to phir us ka nifaz zaroori hai.
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*❀Khaleeji mamalik mein rehne waale apne mulk mein Qurbani de sakte hain:❀*
Bahut saare log apna ghar, walidain aur biwi bachche apne watan mein chhod kar khaleeji mamalik mein naukri karte hain. Un mein bahut se log Qurbani dena chaahte hain magar is shash o panj (confusion) mein mubtala rehte hain ke Qurbani laaziman hamein gulf mein hi deni hogi ya phir apne watan mein bhi de sakte hain?
Is silsile mein afzal yahi hai ke Qurbani dene waala wahein Qurbani de jahan rehta ho kiunki Qurbani se Allah ka taqarrub haasil hota hai. Qurbani ka janwar apne haath se zabah kare, khud khaaye aur doosron ko apne haathon se taqseem kare. Lekin ulama ne kaha hai ke Qurbani apne watan mein bhi de sakte hain. Khaas taur se us waqt jab Qurbani ke gosht se mohtajon aur miskeeno ki madad karna chaahte hain jaisa ki aaj kal dekha jaata hai ke hamaare mulkon mein bahar ke mamalik (countries) se Qurbani ke paise bejhe jaate hain taaki un Qurbaniyon se ghareeb o miskeen faida utha saken. Yeh alag baat hai ki is mein insaaf kam barta jaata hai, Qurbani ka janwar mustahiqqeen ko dene ki bajaye maaldaron ko diya jaata hai, is liye is mein amanatdaari baratne ki zaroorat hai.
Agar hum gulf mein rehte hain aur apne watan mein Qurbani dena chaahte hain to hamein apne watan mein Qurbani ke hisaab se baal aur nakhun ki pabandi karni hai. Qurbani ka waqt Namaz e Eid se shuru hota hai aur 13th Zil-Hijjah ki shaam tak rehta hai. Yeh waqt tamam mulk waalon ke liye apne apne mulk ke Qamri maheene ke hisaab se hai.
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*❀Hadiya mein diya gaya Qurbani ka janwar ya paisa:❀*
Aaj kal maldaar log ya khairati idaare janwar khareed kar ya us ki qeemat miskeeno mein taqseem karte hain taaki woh bhi Qurbani de saken aise Qurbani ka janwar ya paisa masakeen ko qubool karne mein koi harj nahi hai, Allah ki taufeeq se hadiya karne waale aur Qurbani karne waale dono ko ajr o sawaab milega. Nabi ﷺ ne bhi Sahaba ko Qurbani ata farmaayi hai. ’Uqbah bin ’Amir Juhani Radhiallahu Anhu bayan karte hain:
قَسَمَ النَّبِيُّ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ بَيْنَ أَصْحَابِهِ ضَحَايَا، فَصَارَتْ لِعُقْبَةَ جَذَعَةٌ، فَقُلْتُ : يَا رَسُولَ اللَّهِ، صَارَتْ جَذَعَةٌ. قَالَ : ضَحِّ بِهَا
*Tarjumah: Nabi e Akram ﷺ ne apne Sahaba mein Qurbani ke jaanwar taqseem kiye. ’Uqbah Radhiallahu Anhu ke hisse mein ek saal se kam ka bakri ka bachcha aaya. (Unhon ne bayan kiya ke) us par main ne arz kiya: Ya Rasoolallah! Mere hisse mein to ek saal se kam ka bachcha aaya hai? Nabi Kareem Sallallahu Alaihi Wasallam ne farmaaya ke tum isi ki Qurbani kar lo.*
(Sahih Bukhari: 5547)
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*❀Aise shakhs ki taraf se Qurbani jis ka aqeeqa nahi huwa:❀*
Agar Qurbani karne waale ke paas wus’at ho to Qurbani ke saath aqeeqa bhi kar le (Qurbani aur aqeeqa dono ka janwar alag hona chaahiye) taaki dono sunnatein poori ho jaayen lekin agar maali wus’at na ho to beharhaal Qurbani ka waqt hai is wajah se Qurbani dena hi awla (ziyadah behtar) hai. Aur is mein koi harj ki baat nahi ke bachpan mein us ka aqeeqa nahi huwa tha kiunki aqeeqa Sunnat e Mu’akkadah hai is wajah se zaroori nahi hai ke pehle aqeeqa dena wajib hai tabhi Qurbani de sakte hain yani baghair aqeeqa kiye bhi Qurbani de sakte hain.
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*❀Musafir ki Qurbani:❀*
Musafir haalat e safar mein Qurbani de sakta hai, Nabi ﷺ ne safar mein Qurbani di hai chunancha Sahih Muslim mein Hazrat So’ban Radhiallahu Anhu se riwayat hai:
ذَبَحَ رَسُولُ اللَّهِ صَلَّى اللَّهُ عَلَيْهِ وَسَلَّمَ ضَحِيَّتَهُ، ثُمَّ قَالَ : يَا ثَوْبَانُ، أَصْلِحْ لَحْمَ هَذِهِ. فَلَمْ أَزَلْ أُطْعِمُهُ مِنْهَا، حَتَّى قَدِمَ الْمَدِينَةَ
*Tarjumah: Nabi ﷺ ne (apni Qurbani ke janwaron mein se) Qurbani ka ek janwar zabah kar ke farmaya: So’ban! Is ke gosht ko durust kar lo (saath le jaane ke liye tayyar kar lo) Phir main woh gosht Aap ﷺ ko khilaata raha yahan tak ke Aap ﷺ Madinah tashreef le aaye.*
(Sahih Muslim: 1975)
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*❀Qurbani ke bade janwar mein aqeeqa ka hissa:❀*
Bade janwar mein aqeeqa dena Ahadees se saabit nahi hai sirf Qurbani dena saabit hai woh bhi sirf gaaye, bail aur oont mein. Jab bade janwar mein aqeeqa dena hi saabit nahi to is mein kayi bachchon ke aqeeqa ka hissa daalna kaise sahih hoga? Baaz ulama ne bade janwar mein aqeeqa ko jaaiz kaha hai un ke yahan bhi ek janwar mein kayi bachchon ka hissa daalna sahih nahi hai kiunki aqeeqa mein har bachche ki taraf se khoon bahaane ka hukm hai.
Salman bin Amir Zabbi Radhiallahu Anhu kehte hain ke Rasoolullah ﷺ ne farmaya:
مَعَ الْغُلَامِ عَقِيقَةٌ، فَأَهْرِيقُوا عَنْهُ دَمًا، وَأَمِيطُوا عَنْهُ الْأَذَى
*Tarjumah: Ladke ki paidaish par aqeeqa hai, lehaza (janwar zabah kar ke) us ki taraf se khoon bahaao aur us se gandagi door karo.*
(Tirmizi: 1515)
Allama Albani Rahimahullah ne is Hadees ko Sahih kaha hai.
Aksar musalmano ke yahan Eid e Qurban ke mauqe par ek bade janwar mein Qurbani ke saath bachche ke aqeeqe ka bhi hissa liya jaata hai jo ke Sunnat ki sareeh mukhalifat hai. Agar taaqat hai to bachche ki taraf se mustaqil janwar ka aqeeqa den aisa karne se Sunnat poori hogi aur taaqat nahi ho to na den is par Allah taala mu’aakhza nahi karega.
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*❀Qurbani se mutalliq aakhri chand baatein:❀*
➊ Pehli baat: Qurbani ke janwar ki fazeelat mein koi Sahih Hadees saabit nahi hai lehaza baalon waale aur mote taaze janwaron ki fazeelat wali za’eef Ahadees bayan na karen, Pul e Siraat par mota janwar tezi se guzarne waali Hadees bhi za’eef hai.
➋ Doosri baat: Qurbani ke wujoob ke liye logon mein jo Zakat ka nisaab mashhoor hai woh saabit nahi hai bas itni si baat hai ke Qurbani ka janwar khareedne ki taaqat ho.
➌ Teesri baat: Qurbani ka janwar zabah karne ki bajaye us ka paisa sadqa karna sahih nahi hai, na hi us ka gosht ya us ki khaal bechi jaayegi albatta zaati istemaal mein laa sakte hain, faqeer o miskeen hadiye mein mila gosht bech sakta hai. Ujrat mein qassab ko Qurbani ka gosht dena jaaiz nahi, tohfa mein kuch dena mana nahi.
➍ Chauthi baat: Hajj ki Qurbani aur Eid ki Qurbani dono alag alag hain is liye dono ko ek samjhna ghalat hai.
➎ Panchween baat: Qurbani ke sahih hone ke liye ikhlaas ke saath mazeed 5 sharait hain:
① Mansoos jins mein se ho
② Musnah (daanta ho)
③ Apni milkiyat ho
④ Hadees mein bayan kardah chaaron aib se paak ho
⑤ Qurbani ke jaaiz awqaat mein Qurbani di gayi ho.
➏ Chaththi baat: Qurbani ke janwar se mutalliq mukhtalif bid’aat o khurafaat hain. Alag alag ilaaqe mein alag alag qism ki bid’aat raaij (phaili hue) hain, kahien janwar ko sajaana, kahien janwar ki numaish karana (aur yeh shehar aur gaaon har jagaah aam ho raha hai) balki TV aur akhbar par us ki khabrein chhapwaana, zabah ke waqt janwar ko wuzu aur ghusl karana, us ke khoon ko mutabarrik samajh kar gharon, sawariyon aur bachchon ke jismon par malna ya usi janwar ke baalon aur peshani par malna waghera. Is qism ke kaamon ko sawab ki niyyat se karna gunah ka baa’is hai kiunki jo deen nahi use deen bana lena bid’at hai aur har bid’at gumraahi hai aur har gumraahi jahannum mein le jaane waali hai.
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ISLAAH-IMAAN
