The famous Uprising and the horrific massacre

On February 14, 1765, the Manchu Empire first occupied the Uighur lands, marking the 257th anniversary of the anti-colonial liberation uprising in Uchturpan six years later. The uprising has historically been referred to as the "Uchturpan Uprising," among the Uchturpan residents as "Jigde Fuel," and in the Manchu Qing Dynasty documents as the "Uchturpan Uprising."

It was also the worst massacre of Uyghurs in its history.

The mausoleum of "My Seven Daughters" in Uchturpan and the story of "My Seven Daughters", which are popular among the Uyghur people, belong to the seven self-sacrificing girls who threw themselves out of the mountains during the Uchturpan uprising and did not want to fall into the hands of the enemy alive. He was buried in this tomb.

The background of the Uchturpan uprising is that the Qing Empire occupying armies of the Manchu-Chinese established the Qing Empire in the south of the entire Tiananmen Mountains in 1759 through bloody repression and massacres.

A researcher at the Academy of Sciences of Uzbekistan, he studied the history of the occupation of the Uighur people of the 18th-19th century by the Manchu Empire according to historical archival documents from the Qing Dynasty. According to Professor Ablakhat Khojaev, who published his books in the "Century" in Moscow, the Qing Empire established a strict military-administrative system in the north and south of the Uighur people. Qianlong Khan had a policy of brutally suppressing any resistance of the Uyghurs, brutally massacring them, and preventing them from re-emerging, that is, rebuilding their own state.

"The Bashkir uprising that erupted in 1760 and the Uchturpan uprising in 1765 were the result of the massacre and harsh policies of the Qing Empire," says Professor Ablakhat Khojaev.

Uchturpan, or at that time known as the "Uch", was inhabited by more than 20,000 inhabitants in the ancient city and surrounding villages, and the oppression of the Uighur people by Su Cheng and his son, who was appointed ambassador to Uchturpan, came to an end. They were even joined by Hakimbagh Abdullah, who oppressed and oppressed the people. Su Cheng and his son, as well as the Manchu-Chinese soldiers in Uchturpan, were severely persecuted and insulted by the Uighurs, a fact that has even been documented in the history of the Qing Dynasty palace. Su Cheng and his son's arbitrary trampling and humiliation of Uyghur wives and wives had led to the outbreak of public hatred. In such a case, Su Cheng ordered the relocation of 240 Jigde seedlings of the Uchturpan residents to Beijing without drying them, as arranged by the above, and arrested a large number of people.

It was an unimaginable oppression to carry 240 seedlings from Uchturpan to Beijing without destroying or destroying them, which was almost impossible. But the people were forced to embark on this journey. On February 14, 1765, a group of insects carrying seedlings in Jigde arrived at a place called Yilichi Dong, 18 km from Uchturpan, and the small Beg Rehmitullah, who was responsible for the insect, who was angry with the Manchu-Chinese guerrillas who beat and killed the tired insects, led all the insects. He then invades Uchturpan and captures the city. Manchu officer Su Cheng and son commit suicide. Hakimbag Abdullah, who worked for the Manchu Palace and oppressed his own nation, was killed. That is how the famous 6-month-old uprising erupted. All the surrounding residents gathered in the city to join the uprising.

It will also crush the onslaught of Manchu commanders Nashitong and Katakhai, who led an army from Aksu and came to suppress it. The uprising of the Uchturpan people, led by the brothers Rahmitullah and Asmatullah Beg, was quick to win and to spread to the surrounding areas.

When the Manchu Palace and Emperor Qianlong learned of the uprising, they immediately ordered General Ili Mingrui to suppress the uprising. As a result, Mingrui commanded more than 10,000 troops from Ili, Aksu and Kashgar before and after, laying siege to Uchturpan.

According to historical documents such as the Qing Dynasty Historical Records and the Jungar Peace Strategies, Uchturpan residents and insurgents stormed the Uchturpan city wall and staged a six-month protest against the frequent attacks on the wall, including men, women and children, men and women alike. Rolling stones over the wall, sprinkling oil and boiling water, did not allow the enemy forces to occupy the wall for six months and enter the city of Uchturpan. They even came out of the city from time to time and attacked the enemy.

The Manchu commanders, who had not been able to capture the city of Uchturpan, finally cordoned off the city and prevented its occupants from climbing the stone, cutting off the city's waterway and cutting off the city's external supply. As a result, the people are facing famine, disease and other hardships. However, the people still did not obey. After six months of resistance, the Manchus finally entered the city, using the means of buying and distributing traitors from within the city, buying some of the weaker ones, and capturing their rebel leaders. The Qing forces invaded the city on August 15, 1765, after the city's traitors captured 42 people, including Asmatullah Beg, and handed them over to the Qing army. The six-month-old Uchturpan uprising failed.

According to historical sources, Ankara University's Doctor of Turkish History, Mr. Muhammad Ali, said that according to historical sources, the Manchu-Chinese troops committed a horrific massacre in the history of the Uyghurs after the occupation of the city. According to sources, Professor Ablakhat Khojaev said that he had carried out a horrific massacre in Uchturpan and eventually deported a large number of the remaining residents, Aksu and other people to Ili for agricultural work.

The Qing forces, including children and girls under the age of 13, divided them into four groups and nearly 10,000 people in exile in Ili. Some of these were given to the Manchu Solons as domestic servants and some as wives.

After the capture of the city, there was a series of massacres, and men who could fight over the age of 13 were massacred one after another.

It also ordered the deportation of children and girls to Ili, the provision of food to those deported to Ili, the indifference to starvation on the road, and the killing of protesters.

When King Qianlong took over the city, the townspeople ordered it "for the sake of stubborn resistance," "for the destruction of nothing," and for the "straightening of the city."

As a result, Uchturpan was relocated to a city without its original residents, who were later relocated.