kmiainfo: Algorithms break through protein walls Algorithms break through protein walls

Algorithms break through protein walls

Algorithms break through protein walls Protein structure prediction thanks to advanced algorithms The prestigious scientific journal Science honors what it described as the “revolutionary technology” based on artificial intelligence as a “breakthrough of the year 2021” that will destroy the walls of proteins and reveal their secrets and will also help in confronting the current Corona epidemic. Artificial intelligence technology quickly and clearly shows us what proteins look like and how they work. Thanks to the new technology, nanoproteins can be analyzed and displayed in three dimensions with greater precision than ever before. The scientific journal Science considers the innovation of vaccines against the emerging coronavirus a scientific “breakthrough”, as scientists have also succeeded in achieving successes in predicting the structure of the protein thanks to developed algorithms. With the help of new mechanisms, the researchers hope to model changes in the s-protein "spike" in the omicron mutant. The results of an opinion poll show that participants are waiting, above all, for discoveries and innovations in the fields of medicine and pharmacology, as 62 percent of them consider these discoveries more necessary for humanity. Revolutionary achievement In addition to artificial intelligence technology, Science magazine highlighted innovations that left clear imprints on various sciences If the Nobel Prize is usually awarded to researchers, the majority of whom are elderly, to crown them for their pioneering discoveries that they reached decades ago, there is another no less important coronation, which is the annual list of Science magazine in which the names of the most important discoverers and their findings are listed. This list consists mostly of discoveries and researchers that are of great importance at the moment, or of those that have emerged negatively and troublingly. According to the magazine, the process is literally revolutionary, similar to the molecular genetic scissors CRISPR-Cas-9 for the treatment of genetic diseases, which has also been crowned again and has recently become a standard tool in molecular biology that allows the modification of genes in the human body easily and accurately. On October 7, 2020, the Nobel Prize for Chemistry awarded the prize to a female duo, French Emmanuel Charpentier and American Jennifer Daoudna, for their efforts in developing “molecular scissors” capable of modifying human genes, in an achievement that was considered revolutionary in the field of chemistry and genetics. And this wasn't the first time the world had heard the word "CRISPR-Cas." American Josiah Zener previously caused a stir in 2017 when he broadcast live an attempt to edit his genes thanks to CRISPR technology. This revolutionary tool, developed in 2012 known as "molecular scissors," simplifies DNA editing techniques. It has been successfully used to treat a genetic blood disease called sickle cell anemia. The tool is easy to use and inexpensive, and allows scientists to cut DNA precisely where they want it, for purposes such as causing or correcting a genetic mutation and treating rare diseases. Proteins are made of long chains and form complex balls that perform specific tasks. For example, some proteins, such as enzymes, can break down sugar molecules. The amino acids determine how these chains are built. The amino acid sequence, in turn, is predetermined in approximately 20,000 genes in the human species. 3D model : In the service of mankind Until recently, scientists were only able to analyze the structures of about a third of human proteins. The structures of proteins were determined using X-ray crystallography and cryo-microscopy, making the tests very tedious and expensive. But now this analysis is much faster and cheaper thanks to the new AI tool Alpha Ford and the Rose TTA Fold tool. All that is required of researchers is to enter the sequence of amino acids present in the genome of a protein into the computer, so that the new technology can start creating the 3D model of it. The team of John Jumper, developer of AlphaFold's tool, has already been able to determine the equivalent structures of nearly all human proteins, because the AI-powered tool looks at all the structures of proteins already stored in databases, and thus practically trains itself in the process. Researchers can only understand the function of a protein in the body by knowing the structure and exact function of this protein. But the new knowledge is also helping to develop drugs that are specifically tailored to specific proteins. During the current Corona pandemic, researchers are using new artificial intelligence technology to determine the effects of mutations in the form of the spike protein, as the Corona virus sticks to the cells of the body. For example, scientists are now calculating whether the mutant or micron of the Corona virus is no longer threatened by human antibodies as well, and whether the immune protection has decreased for this reason. One of the great scientific steps, of course, is the development of synthetic antibodies and drugs for the Corona virus. Solve energy problems : Thumbnail In addition to the pioneering artificial intelligence technology, Science magazine highlighted new developments that left clear imprints on various sciences in 2021. Of particular note is the other important discovery with the study of archaeological sites, and prehistoric research in particular, which enabled experts to obtain DNA from cave soils and fossils that are more than a million years old. That is, they have a great possibility to study information about extinct biological species in detail. For example, from Neanderthals until recently this has always required DNA from unearthed bone fragments. The progress made in thermonuclear fusion is no less important, as for the first time a thermonuclear reactor produces more energy than was spent on operating it, which may one day help solve the energy problems of our planet. Physicists were surprised by the new discovery in particle physics, as it was announced last April that a discrepancy of 2.5 parts per billion, which may indicate new particles lurking above the high energy horizon. A research team from Fermi National Research Laboratory near Chicago confirmed that the results of their recent experiments on one of the subatomic particles, called “the muon”, indicate that we are only one step away from the first explicit breach of the most accurate theory in the entire history of physics.

Algorithms break through protein walls


Protein structure prediction thanks to advanced algorithms
The prestigious scientific journal Science honors what it described as the “revolutionary technology” based on artificial intelligence as a “breakthrough of the year 2021” that will destroy the walls of proteins and reveal their secrets and will also help in confronting the current Corona epidemic.

Artificial intelligence technology quickly and clearly shows us what proteins look like and how they work. Thanks to the new technology, nanoproteins can be analyzed and displayed in three dimensions with greater precision than ever before.

The scientific journal Science considers the innovation of vaccines against the emerging coronavirus a scientific “breakthrough”, as scientists have also succeeded in achieving successes in predicting the structure of the protein thanks to developed algorithms. With the help of new mechanisms, the researchers hope to model changes in the s-protein "spike" in the omicron mutant.

The results of an opinion poll show that participants are waiting, above all, for discoveries and innovations in the fields of medicine and pharmacology, as 62 percent of them consider these discoveries more necessary for humanity.

Revolutionary achievement
In addition to artificial intelligence technology, Science magazine highlighted innovations that left clear imprints on various sciences

If the Nobel Prize is usually awarded to researchers, the majority of whom are elderly, to crown them for their pioneering discoveries that they reached decades ago, there is another no less important coronation, which is the annual list of Science magazine in which the names of the most important discoverers and their findings are listed.

This list consists mostly of discoveries and researchers that are of great importance at the moment, or of those that have emerged negatively and troublingly.

According to the magazine, the process is literally revolutionary, similar to the molecular genetic scissors CRISPR-Cas-9 for the treatment of genetic diseases, which has also been crowned again and has recently become a standard tool in molecular biology that allows the modification of genes in the human body easily and accurately.

On October 7, 2020, the Nobel Prize for Chemistry awarded the prize to a female duo, French Emmanuel Charpentier and American Jennifer Daoudna, for their efforts in developing “molecular scissors” capable of modifying human genes, in an achievement that was considered revolutionary in the field of chemistry and genetics.

And this wasn't the first time the world had heard the word "CRISPR-Cas." American Josiah Zener previously caused a stir in 2017 when he broadcast live an attempt to edit his genes thanks to CRISPR technology. This revolutionary tool, developed in 2012 known as "molecular scissors," simplifies DNA editing techniques. It has been successfully used to treat a genetic blood disease called sickle cell anemia.

The tool is easy to use and inexpensive, and allows scientists to cut DNA precisely where they want it, for purposes such as causing or correcting a genetic mutation and treating rare diseases.

Proteins are made of long chains and form complex balls that perform specific tasks. For example, some proteins, such as enzymes, can break down sugar molecules. The amino acids determine how these chains are built. The amino acid sequence, in turn, is predetermined in approximately 20,000 genes in the human species.

3D model : In the service of mankind
Until recently, scientists were only able to analyze the structures of about a third of human proteins. The structures of proteins were determined using X-ray crystallography and cryo-microscopy, making the tests very tedious and expensive.

But now this analysis is much faster and cheaper thanks to the new AI tool Alpha Ford and the Rose TTA Fold tool.

All that is required of researchers is to enter the sequence of amino acids present in the genome of a protein into the computer, so that the new technology can start creating the 3D model of it.

The team of John Jumper, developer of AlphaFold's tool, has already been able to determine the equivalent structures of nearly all human proteins, because the AI-powered tool looks at all the structures of proteins already stored in databases, and thus practically trains itself in the process.

Researchers can only understand the function of a protein in the body by knowing the structure and exact function of this protein. But the new knowledge is also helping to develop drugs that are specifically tailored to specific proteins.

During the current Corona pandemic, researchers are using new artificial intelligence technology to determine the effects of mutations in the form of the spike protein, as the Corona virus sticks to the cells of the body. For example, scientists are now calculating whether the mutant or micron of the Corona virus is no longer threatened by human antibodies as well, and whether the immune protection has decreased for this reason. One of the great scientific steps, of course, is the development of synthetic antibodies and drugs for the Corona virus.

Solve energy problems : Thumbnail
In addition to the pioneering artificial intelligence technology, Science magazine highlighted new developments that left clear imprints on various sciences in 2021.

Of particular note is the other important discovery with the study of archaeological sites, and prehistoric research in particular, which enabled experts to obtain DNA from cave soils and fossils that are more than a million years old. That is, they have a great possibility to study information about extinct biological species in detail. For example, from Neanderthals until recently this has always required DNA from unearthed bone fragments.

The progress made in thermonuclear fusion is no less important, as for the first time a thermonuclear reactor produces more energy than was spent on operating it, which may one day help solve the energy problems of our planet. Physicists were surprised by the new discovery in particle physics, as it was announced last April that a discrepancy of 2.5 parts per billion, which may indicate new particles lurking above the high energy horizon.

A research team from Fermi National Research Laboratory near Chicago confirmed that the results of their recent experiments on one of the subatomic particles, called “the muon”, indicate that we are only one step away from the first explicit breach of the most accurate theory in the entire history of physics.
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