Scientists discovered that brain sensor, due to which humans are tall

Scientists say that the puzzle of humans being taller than in the past and reaching puberty earlier can now be explained through a sensor present in the human brain.

Improvements in nutritional health have increased the average height of Britons by 3.9 inches (10 cm) in the twentieth century, compared to 7.8 inches (20 cm) for people in other countries.

But how this actually happens, it could not be understood till now. Researchers in the UK say that this discovery could pave the way to build muscle-strengthening and late-lengthening drugs.

Scientists have known for a long time that people with good diet and regular diet mature longer and sooner. For example, South Korea 's transition from a poor country to a developed country increased the height of its adult population compared to before. At the same time, people in many parts of South Asia and Africa are still a little taller than they were a hundred years ago.

'Produce lots of kids'

It is already known that signals from food reach a part of the brain called the hypothalamus. This signal tells the brain about the nutritional health of the body and accelerates the growth of the body.

A new study has been published about this in the journal 'Nature' of science and research . This research was led by scientists from Cambridge University. Teams from Queen Mary University of London, University of Bristol, University of Michigan and Vanderbilt University have also collaborated in this.

Through this research, the receptor that causes this process has been discovered, which is known as 'MC3R'. This receptor is an important link between diet and increasing body length with puberty.

"It tells the body that the body is in good shape, there is a lot of food in the body, so grow fast, get young fast and have lots of babies," said study author Sir Stephen Orahily from Cambridge.

"It's not just magic. We have a complete blueprint for how this happens," says Orahili.

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A new study has been published about this in the journal 'Nature' of science and research.

After all, how does this happen?

Researchers found that when brain receptors do not function normally in humans, people tend to be short in height. Also, they are young late as compared to others.

The team studied the genetic makeup of nearly half a million volunteers affiliated with the UK Biobank (a database of genetic and health data) and confirmed that their findings were correct.

The research found mutations in the genes of many children, which disrupted their brain receptors. In all such children, the effect of the gene started showing at an early age and these children were small in stature and low in weight.

The research team also found a person who was found to have mutations in both copies of the MC3R gene. This change is extremely rare and harmful. This person was very small in stature and changes in puberty started coming only after 20 years.

Children's development

With this discovery, problems such as low growth and very late puberty in children can be found with drugs.

But this happens only in humans, it is not so. Researchers also studied rats for this and confirmed that this is also true in animals.

The discovery could help diagnose problems such as stunted growth and very late puberty in children, as well as help develop muscle mass in children with severe diseases and lean children.

Professor Orahili said, "Future research should explore whether muscle strength can be improved by using drugs that activate the MC3R to improve the physical capacity of sick people."

Scientists have already identified a brain receptor that controls appetite. It is called MC4R. People who lack it are usually obese.

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In the last century, South Korean women and Iranian men have grown the most in the world.

Can people keep getting taller?

There is a limit to the height of a human being. People grow tall as long as their genetic potential is there. Factors like health and diet have a huge impact in deciding how much this capacity will be.

Even children from poor families can grow to a height inherited from their parents and grandparents if they get enough food and calories. Tall people generally live longer. They are also less likely to suffer from heart problems. Also, they have the possibility of earning more.

However, the height of humans cannot keep increasing forever. Like many other European countries, the average height of the people of Britain has increased over the last century. But there are indications of the last 10 years that the average height is no longer increasing.

In the last century, South Korean women and Iranian men have grown the most in the world.

By the way, the tallest people in the world are men (182.4 cm) born in the Netherlands. At the same time, the smallest people are women (140 cm) born in Guatemala.